Language Policy

Whitby Mission Statement

Whitby inspires a passion for learning and empowers each child to take responsibility as an open-minded, principled citizen in a global community.

Purpose

This language policy has been developed by faculty and leadership throughout the school. This document outlines our school’s linguistic and academic goals and defines the program designed to help our students attain these goals. This document is intended to define Whitby School’s policy regarding language for teaching and learning. This policy permeates the entire school curriculum and celebrates Whitby School’s rich linguistic and cultural diversity. The entire staff and the Whitby School community are committed to this policy so that our school can achieve its mission.

Philosophy

At Whitby, every teacher is a language teacher and every learner is a language learner. We believe that language is the vehicle for inquiry and a medium for learning across the curriculum. It is the pathway to thinking, learning, communicating, and making meaning, thus it has a central role in the process of inquiry.

We believe multilingualism and multiliteracies benefit the learner and the learning community in a variety of ways, including valuing and respecting the home language(s) of our Whitby community. Language development in more than one language enriches personal growth, provides cognitive advantages, and is essential to the development of international mindedness and action.

The responsibility for students' language development is shared not only among teachers but also with parents and students themselves.

Guiding Principles for Language Learning

  • We learn language, through language, and about language.
  • Language learning includes the development of home and family language, languages of the school, additional languages, and literacy.
  • Language is a means of affirming and expressing cultural identity and expressing international mindedness
  • Language is taught through the transdisciplinary program of inquiry in the Lower School and the interdisciplinary program of the Middle School.
  • Language and reflection are integral to understanding the learner profile and developing international-mindedness.
  • Multilingualism is seen as a resource for learning and for being caring, open-minded and strong communicators.
  • The community builds an environment where students use their home language(s) with pride and allows for interactions that build a global perspective.
  • Language is a vehicle for action to occur.

 

Language Practices

  • English is the primary language of instruction for all students.
  • Whitby promotes inquiry-based authentic language learning taught through a transdisciplinary program of inquiry in the PYP and Language and Literature in the MYP.
  • Curriculum benchmarks and expectations are informed by the Common Core Standards and the IB PYP Scope and Sequences and IB MYP Criteria Objectives. 
  • Language supports students’ opportunity to explore and develop their personal and cultural identities as lifelong learners
  • Best practices for differentiation include but are not limited to small group instruction and explicit teaching of Approaches to Learning (ATL) skills, literacy, and literature.
  • All students learn additional language(s) of either Spanish and/or Mandarin starting in Stepping Stones and through Middle School. 
  • The English as an Additional Language (EAL) program supports students for whom English is not their first or only language. The EAL teacher supports students by providing instructional strategies to promote English language proficiency. (Please refer to the EAL Handbook for further information)
  • Ongoing professional development for all faculty in the field of language development ensures best practices in the field of language instruction in all subject domains.

Language Acquisition

Whitby Montessori Children House

Children in Stepping Stones are exposed to the Spanish language through lively songs with movement, visual aids, and other multisensory materials.  Themes explored during the year include: colors, feelings, parts of the body, weather, numbers 1-10, farm animals, and clothing. 

Students in Primary continue exploratory Spanish classes expanding student vocabulary and grammar while learning about the cultural aspects of the countries in which the language is spoken.

Primary students also participate in the Primary Mandarin Chinese Language Program to introduce the students to the language and foster curiosity and open-mindedness. The focus is on oral language development. Students are introduced to basic vocabulary, songs, poems and books. It is a playful exploration of the language.

Lower School Primary Years Program

The Lower School  Language Acquisition Program focuses on oral language development. The aim of studying world languages is to acquire language skills and to develop respect and understanding of diverse linguistic and cultural heritages. Whenever possible and appropriate, the program supports or is integrated into the Program of Inquiry. As a result, the students are able to make connections between the language they acquire and their transdisciplinary units of inquiry. 

Teaching and learning in language acquisition are organized into three proficiency levels - emergent, capable and proficient. Each level focuses on two phases. In total, there are six phases. The phases represent a developmental continuum of additional language learning. 

In Lower School, students can choose to learn Spanish or Chinese. Typically, students enter the Chinese program in Grade 1. Students with prior knowledge of Chinese can also join the Chinese program in grades 2 - 4. 

Middle School - Middle Years Program

Language acquisition in the MYP aims to develop a respect for, and understanding of, other languages and cultures, and is equally designed to equip the student with a skills base to facilitate further language learning.

The MYP structures additional language learning in phases so that the complexity and range of language profiles that students bring to their MYP classroom is acknowledged and fostered. Students beginning their MYP studies may have exited from any of the five phases of PYP language or may have no prior knowledge or experience of the language to be studied in the MYP.

Students in Middle School can enter the Spanish program at any phase. Students transitioning from the Lower School Mandarin program can continue their Chinese studies. Students with prior knowledge of Mandarin can join this program. 

Home Language Development

We believe that maintaining and developing language skills of our learners, whose mother tongue is other than English, is vital. Developing a child’s mother tongue can accelerate the acquisition of English and increase academic achievement across the curriculum. It also enhances self-esteem and promotes international-mindedness. Language learning not only permeates all areas of learning, but it is also crucial for emotional and social well-being and to maintain cultural identity. Whitby’s EAL Coordinator works with parents to find teachers for the Mother Tongue Program. Classes are offered during WECCP and Co-Curricular time with fees varying by the number of sections offered and students enrolled in the program. 

School-wide, we support the Mother Tongue development by

  • Modeling and encouraging translanguaging.
  • Providing home language books and resources in the library
  • Offering Mother Tongue classes through the extracurricular program during WECCP and Electives.
  • Utilizing technology to support the home-school connection with linguistically diverse families.
  • Encouraging and celebrating language profiles through community sharing and practicing culturally responsive teaching
  • Promoting the importance of maintaining and developing the Mother Tongue.

References

-PYP-From principles into practice (2018)

-MYP-From principles into practice (2014-Updated 2022)

-Guidelines for school self-reflection on its language policy (IB, 2012)

-Language and learning in IB programmes (IB, 2011)

-MYP-Language and literature guide (For use from September 2014/January 2015)

-MYP-Language Acquisition guide (For use from Sept 2020/Jan 2021)

-IB Programme standards and practices (2020)

Policy Review

This handbook was reviewed during the 2022-2023 school year. It will be reviewed every three years to reflect best practice and the needs of the Whitby School community.

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